The Orange County School System - 1228 Words

In 1945, a California LULAC Council victoriously sued to merge the Orange County School System, which had been isolated in light of the fact that Mexican youngsters were inadequately dressed and mentally sub-par compared to white kids (Takaki, 378). In 1954, LULAC brought another historical case, Hernandez versus the State of Texas, to challenge the fact that a Mexican American had never been called to jury duty in Texas (Class Lecture, 11/30). The Supreme Court administered this as illegal. In the twentieth century, starting with the 1952 Hernandez v. Texas suit, the case started to turn gradually and unyieldingly (â€Å"A Class Apart†). That case prompted the first case contended in the United States Supreme Court by Mexican American lawyers.†¦show more content†¦Another instance of minority upheaval is what has now ended up known as the Longoria Affair† (Takaki, 388). This was a critical minute in the early phases of the post-World War II social equality deve lopment in the United States. Mrs. Longoria reached out to Dr. Hector Perez Garcia, the author of the American GI Forum. On January 11, 1949, Garcia assembled a conference of the Corpus Christi Forum; he additionally sent numerous telegrams and letters to Texas congressmen (Class Lecture 11/9). The national and global press grabbed the story and even affected U.S. Mexican relations. The Felix Longoria issue turned into an early sample of a binding together occasion in the Mexican American social liberties development (Takaki, 381). The intercession of Dr. Hector Garcà ­a and the American GI Forum in the matter prompted an expanded enthusiasm around the nation in opening nearby sections of the association (Class Lecture, 11/9). Among Mexican Americans and Hispanics the nation over, the episode turned into an encouraging point and an enlisting instrument for the GI Forum that soon had sections over the US. While Brown v. Board of Education is a broadly known point of interest Supreme Court case, few can follow its inceptions to the instance of nine-year-old Sylvia Mendez in Mendez v. Westminster (Takaki, 389). Sylvia s case, which was chosen in the government courts in California, went before Brown by around eight years. Thurgood Marshall spoke to Sylvia Mendez and Linda Brown

The Land Of Dreams Poem Analysis - 901 Words

Reading poems can be very intriguing but difficult at the same time, especially reading poems of William Blake. Blake wrote a poem called â€Å"The Land of Dreams†. William Blake has many other poems that can contribute to being a part of the songs of innocence and experience. When it comes to â€Å"The Land of Dreams† it is hard to actually put it in a category with experience and innocence. For some reason, this poem can be put into both categories of experience and innocence. They way Blake starts off his poem and the way it ends can give you an idea that it can be both innocence and experience. Also, Blake has many other poems that can contribute to whether â€Å"The Land of Dreams† is a part of the songs of innocence or the songs of experience. Two†¦show more content†¦In the poem â€Å"Night† Blake expresses this poem to be calm and it introduces you into a whole new world. He starts off by having the speaker look at how the sun sets and how the moon and stars come about. This poem makes you image a different world at night in your mind. It quotes â€Å"The moon, like a flower/ In heaven high bower/ With a silent delight/ Sits and smiles on the night. (Lines 5-8), as you can see Blake gives you imagery of how nice and calm the night is. In the â€Å"Land of Dreams† Blake gives the reader the same type of imagery when the young boy talks about seeing his mother in his dream. It reveals the innocence of night and what it can bring to you. William Blake also applies a biblical allusion for both poems. The word biblical gives you a sense of god and god can be both a part of innocence and experience. In this case it is innocence. The opposite of night is of course day time and William Blake wrote another poem that is a part of the songs of innocence which is â€Å"Spring†. The word spring gives you an image of flowers and sun light. This poem gives you a happy kind of vibe, Blake draws together several images throughout the whole book to make this poem. Basically, Blake’s new year starts in the springtime and he uses many other characters from his other poems to â€Å"Merrily, Merrily, merrily toShow MoreRelatedLet America be America again analysis856 Words   |  4 Pages Let America be America Again Analysis In Langston Hughes poem â€Å"Let America be America Again† he talks about how America should return to the way that it was perceived to be in the dreams before America was truly America. Throughout the poem he uses various methods to evoke the patriotic images and dreams that he feels America should and will eventually be. Hughes states that America is supposed to be a place of equality for everyone including both white and colored people. During this periodRead MoreAnalysis of The Hollow Men by T.S. Eliot Essay1367 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of The Hollow Men by T.S. Eliot Eliot, a master of the written craft, carefully thought out each aspect of his 1925 poem The Hollow Men. Many differences in interpretation exist for Eliots complex poetry. One issue never debated is the extensive range of things to consider in his TS Eliots writing. Because TS Eliot often intertwined his writing by having one piece relate to another The Hollow Men is sometimes considered a mere appendage to The Waste Land. The Hollow MenRead MoreLiterary Analysis : The Raven By Edgar Allan Poe727 Words   |  3 Pagesinto that darkness peering, long I stood there wondering, fearing, / Doubting, dreaming dreams no mortal ever dared to dream before (19-20)†. Analysis : â€Å"The raven† is a poem written by Ellan Edgar Poe. The reason why using alliteration is important because it attracts attention to particular words when they are used with other various types of sound devices like assonance, metre, and rhythm. For example in the poem in line 1, Poe uses the w sound, included the last word being weary. However, wearyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Literary Work Let America Be America Again By Langston Hughes1324 Words   |  6 PagesTara Lesko English 102 Historical analysis of the literary work â€Å"Let America be America Again† by Langston Hughes Man has always been interested in analyzing issues in the history of the world. People tend to appreciate it when grand historical events are described in works of literature. Consequently, writers and poets, try to capture every single step of societal and personal experiences in their works. One of such writers is Langston Hughes whose poem â€Å"Let America be America Again† speaksRead MoreUp And Down : Analysis On The Tranquil Scenery Written Out By Frost863 Words   |  4 PagesUp and Down –an Analysis on â€Å"Neither Out Far nor in Deep† As beings with the capacity to imagine, we often dream of things of which we do not have or places that can not be reached and occasionally, we may be so focused on our goal that we become short-sighted towards the happenings of now. In Robert Frost’s lyrical poem, â€Å"Neither Out Far nor in Deep,† the tranquil scenery written out by Frost is overshadowed by the darker message that is told by the poem’s quite detached lyrical â€Å"I.† Through carefulRead MoreThe Movie Park Avenue : Money, Power And The American Dream858 Words   |  4 PagesThe Truth behind a Dream It is easy for a person to put away a dream as a mere fantasy that cannot be achieved in life. For this reason, people never take the opportunity to evaluate the true facts behind that dream. In the documentary â€Å"Park Avenue: Money, Power and the American Dream† by Director Alex Gibney, an analysis of the true facts behind the ‘American dream’ is presented (Lee). Similarly, the poem â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est† by Wilfred Owen speaks about the true facts of a war that people foolishlyRead More The Hollow Men Essay1112 Words   |  5 Pagesis a dramatic monologue, free verse poem that consists of five parts that could be considered five separate poems. His use of â€Å"allegorically abstract text nevertheless achieves a remarkable unity of effect in terms of voice, mood and imagery† (Morace 948). Before the poem starts, there are two epigraphs; â€Å"Mistah Kurtz – he dead. / A penny for the Old Guy† (lines 1-2). Eliot alludes to these two epigraphs because their themes are developed throughout his poem. â€Å"The first epigraph is from JosephRead MoreT.S. Eliots View of the Human Condition in The Hollow Men Essay856 Words   |  4 Pageslife. He tried and succeeded to capture the torment of the world during World War 1 and World War II (Shmoop T.S. Eliot). Eliot’s view of the human condition is evident in â€Å"The Hollow Men† through the issues of fear, despair, and depression. The poem starts out with a couplet. The first line talks about a man who is dead. In the second line it talks about giving a penny to an old guy. Why does Eliot address that Mistah Kurtz is dead? Who is he? Mistah Kurtz was a character in the story Heart ofRead More The Lotos-Eaters By Tennyson Essay1430 Words   |  6 Pagesplagiarizing Homer. But when I reread the poem with greater depth, I noticed its poetic techniques, imagery, symbols, etc. It was really exceptional actually, although the meter didn’t remain uniform. But when you thoroughly understand it, you see how it pertains and is true to life. This being the first time I had ever come about a work by Tennyson. I didn’t know anything about his life. The idea that manifested me was that when writing this poem, Tennyson was depressed and cynical. Sort ofRead MoreThe Lotos-Eaters by Tennyson1443 Words   |  6 Pagesplagiarizing Homer. But when I reread the poem with greater depth, I noticed its poetic techniques, imagery, symbols, etc. It was really exceptional actually, although the meter didnt remain uniform. But when you thoroughly understand it, you see how it pertains and is true to life. This being the first time I had ever come about a work by Tennyson. I didnt know anything about his life. The idea that manifested me was that when writing this poem, Tennyson was depressed and cynical. Sort

Age Discrimination Free Essays

â€Å"An aged man is but a paltry thing, a tattered coat upon a stick.† This is seeded in many people’s mind.What’s wrong with the aged people?What problems do old people face in the society? Age discimination means treating aged people in a unfair way. We will write a custom essay sample on Age Discrimination or any similar topic only for you Order Now Commonly, the hardship of aged people are unemployment and unavaliable insurance.Companies will hire young people, rather than old people.Insurance companies give low offer for elderly, and even refuse the application of the ageds. Why are aged people treated unfair? Obviosly, people think that old people are weak, lack of energy, unefficient.They are not beneficial to hiring them for work or providing insurance to them.The main problems of them are missing the trend and having a weak body. We must solve the problem of age discrimination.Age discrimination will soon be a great problem and will cause many other problems,as Hong Kong has a growing population of aged people. For examples, if all the old people have no job, they will be thought to be a burden of the society, as they do not help with the GDP.Actually, aged people have their own competitive edges and specific characters in the society. I do not think implement of laws can help reducing age discrimination.The reason is that it is difficult to judge whether someone violate those laws.In addition, hardly can we find evidence of age discrimination. In order to slove the problem of unemployment due to age discrimination, we need to provide retraining for the elderly.As I mentioned, old people are unefficient because they cannot follow up the trend.They may not know how to use newest tools.So, retraining them to learn using new technology is a must.Also, elderly always act as a teacher of the young people.Training the old people to teach skills or knowledge to the youngers is also a good practice. They are experienced in getting along with people.It is good to train them to do some social work. After the retrainig of the aged people, we need to provide more opportunities to them. Since most of them are skilled, there can be more specific jobs that are avaliable to the aged people. Some say the keep working of aged people will lower the chance the youngsters can find a job.In fact, if the youngster need to compete with the trained aged people, they will work hard to improve themselves too.As a result, the overall quality of manpower will increase.Besides, there will be many jobs which is specific to old people. Not all the old people are in the same market with the youngsters. There are many benefits if old people have jobs.The GDP of the society will increase.Therefore the burden of working-aged people will decrease.This solve the problem which the government has been worrying about.Also, old people will feel meaningful as they can contribute their stength to the society. Summing up, an aged person is not â€Å"a tattered coat upon a stick†. They can do a lot, if the society gives chances to them. I think it is crucial for us to give respect to old people. Don’t forget that we will become an old person too.They are our treasure and they are the root of us. How to cite Age Discrimination, Papers Age discrimination Free Essays Gus Atavist and the other candidates that were over the age of 40 were not consider for the new positions, therefore, showing that these antedates were being age discriminated against (He-man, Judge, Icemaker- Mueller, 2012). EPIC did not follow protocol on the listing the new position, interviewing or selecting the employees for the new CSS positions. EPIC did not post the position with the Job descriptions, therefore, not allowing candidates to know what the duties of the new positions were or allowing them to figure out if they met the qualification of the Job. We will write a custom essay sample on Age discrimination or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the past Gus has always received outstanding remarks on his appraisals, therefore, should be consider for the new CSS position. He was overlooked because they stated that he lacked technical and communication skills that are needed for the position. However, there was not any written comments or suggestion in his personnel file that stated that he lacked technical or communication skills. Thus, there was no documentation of why he did not receive the position. Past appraisals and personnel files of the candidates were not used until after the candidates were given the Job, therefore, the senior vice president of corporate claims (SPEC) and managers of corporate claims (MAC) did not know what the work ethics, skills and communication of the candidates were. The vice president of regional claims was not allowed to give any input on any of the candidates that worked under him. Thus, the candidates were not selected based on their qualifications or communication skills (He-man, Judge, Icemaker-Mueller, 2012). The SPEC and the MAC took the list of the candidates, discussed the candidate with each other and evaluated them. The candidates were never evaluated based on qualifications technical or communication skills because the personnel files, appraisals and the input of the VRRP or human resources were never used. Job description was not posted or wrote up to describe the details of the positions, therefore, the SPEC and the MAC could not evaluate if the candidates were qualified for the Job. However, the only candidates that were offered position were the young candidates. These candidates did not have more skills, education, and qualification than the other candidates because the SPEC and the MAC did not follow human resource protocol (He-man, Judge, Icemaker-Mueller, 2012). Age discrimination involves treating a person/candidate unfavorable because of his or her age. For an example, not hiring or promoting a candidate because of their age (Sheen Klein, 2001). Thus, the only conclusion is that Gus and the other candidates who are over the age of 40 were discriminated against because of their age. Rebuttal from the Viewpoint of EPIC Best Protection Insurance Company is in the process of restructuring. They have to eliminate regional center manager positions, however, they are increasing five new corporate claims specialist positions. Unfortunately, there are more position that are being eliminated than they are creating. Therefore, the ARC have to apply for the ewe positions if they want to stay with the organization. The SPEC and the MAC reviewed all the candidates. They looked at all the candidates’ qualification, technical and communication skills. They selected those candidates who was the best candidates for the CSS positions and best for the organization to grow into the future. The personnel files, appraisals and the input from the VRRP were not needed in the first phase of promoting. The decision was made based on the experience that the SPEC and the MAC has working with the candidates. Based on the decisions the five candidates were offered the positions. After, the candidates were offered the positions the SPEC and the MAC did review the personnel files and the appraisals to make sure there was not discrepancy. Unfortunately, Gus Atavist and the other candidates were not the best candidates for the position. Gus lacks the technical and communication skills that EPIC need to grow into the future. Gus and the other candidates were not discriminated because of their age. Thus, their age was never consider or evaluated during the entire process. If they did meet the requirements their age could have been an added value because of their experience. The CSS position is an established position within the EPIC Company. Therefore, EPIC did not write a new Job description and qualification, since the positions was already created. The company is not creating a new Job, new Job description and new job qualifications. They are Just increasing the amount of CSS that they already have, therefore, a new Job description is not needed. Thus, the reason that the position was not posted, Job duties described and qualifications (He-man, Judge, Icemaker- EPIC is an equal employment opportunity employer and they do not discriminate against race, sex, or any other characteristics. The company has not been accused of discrimination until now when not all the candidates did not receive the promotion to the CSS position. Gus Atavist and other candidates that were not chosen could not give examples of the younger employees being favored over them before in the past. Thus, EPIC does not discriminated against anyone, the only reason that age discrimination is being brought up is because Gus and the other candidates were not qualified and did not receive the promotion (Age Discrimination, 2014). In conclusion, the candidates were reviewed and evaluated based on their lubrication, technical and communication skills. The SPEC and the MAC did their evaluation based on the past work experience. After the selection the personnel files and appraisal were review to make sure the candidates were the best candidates. Unfortunately, there was only five positions that were added and some employees were going to have lose their positions. Gus Atavist and the other candidates were not discriminated because of their age. They were not selected because they did not meet the requirements for the position. How to cite Age discrimination, Papers

Why Abortion Should Be Illegal an Example of the Topic Government and Law Essays by

Why Abortion Should Be Illegal An abortion is the removal or expulsion of an embryo or fetus from the uterus, resulting in, or caused by, its death (Abortion). Most women who want to get rid of their unborn child choose abortion as an escape from pregnancy. In the United States of America, women decide to terminate about 25% of their pregnancies through abortion (Overview of Abortion). They believe that by having an abortion they could do away with the trouble of going through pregnancy, and eventually having to raise a child. There are a lot of reasons why abortion is resorted to and the issue of abortion has caused the never-ending debate between the pro-lifers and the pro-choicers. The former, as the individuals who want to put a stop to abortion as it is a blatant disregard of the fetus right to life. I am one of the pro-lifers, and I do believe that abortion should be illegal. Need essay sample on "Why Abortion Should Be Illegal" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Our Customers Usually Tell EssayLab support: I don't want to write 2 page education essay tonight We OfferA Top-Quality Academic Essay How To Write A College PaperHow To Write A Research PaperBuy 1000 Word EssayPay For Papers WrittenCollege Papers For SalePaper Writers For HireCoursework Writing ServiceCustom Essay Writing Service It has been said that during the Roman times, abortion and the destruction of unwanted children was permissible, but as out civilization has aged, it seems that such acts were no longer acceptable by rational human beings, so that in 1948, Canada along with most other nations in the world signed a declaration of the United Nations promising every human being the right to life (The Abortion Debate). Thus, it is unexpected that most countries all over the globe still consider abortion as legal having as basis the decision of the United States Supreme Court in Roe vs. Wade (410 U.S. 113 (1973)). The case involved a pregnant woman who instituted an action scrutinizing the constitutionality of the Texas abortion laws, which proscribes any abortion save for instances where the same is necessary to save the pregnant womans life (Major Laws Concerning Abortion). I believe, however, that the reasoning of the Court in this case is not reasonable. Clearly, the concern is on the womans exercise of her right to decide while the right of the child or the fetus is being neglected, if not forgotten. It must be borne in mind that bearing children is the natural result of sexual intercourse under favorable conditions, it is not forced upon women by the United States government (9 Reasons). So also, it is noteworthy that this leading case supporting abortion is not without flaws. The Supreme Court's decisions in Roe and Doe did not address a number of important abortion-related issues which have been raised subsequently by state actions seeking to restrict the scope of the Court's rulings. These include the issues of informed consent, spousal consent, parental consent, and reporting requirements (Capital Punishment). I believe that the life of the woman is not, and should not be the sole concern. The life of the baby must also be considered. Together with other Pro-lifers, I am of the opinion that at conception, a human life with its own unique DNA comes into being (An Overview). Life begins as early as conception, and as early as that time, the life must already be protected. This is the stand taken by us, pro-lifers and we support our battle against abortion by saying that human personhood begins at the instant of conception and since abortion has for its purpose, the termination of the life of the fetus, then each abortion is a form of murder (An Overview). Therefore, although there is a necessity of protecting the rights of the woman as regards her option of resorting to abortion, the life of the conceived child must also be accorded ample protection. This could only be done by describing the process of abortion as illegal. As mentioned earlier, there are a lot of reasons why women consider going through the process of abortion. More often than not, most of these reasons are the same ones that justify the legality of abortion. The more popular reasons are rape, unplanned pregnancy and incest. However, it must be borne in mind that regardless of the seriousness of such reasons, they cannot be considered as sufficient in order to validate the deliberate disregard of the fetus right to life. In an article, it was correctly stated that rape and incest are inadequate reasons for considering an abortion, thus:pregnancy resulting from rape or incest is a tragedy. Rape is a detestable crime, but no sane reasoning can place the slightest blame on the unborn child it might produce. Incest is, if that is possible, even worse, but for centuries, traditional Jewish law has clearly stated, that if a father sins against his daughter (incest) that does not justify a second crime - the abortion of the product of that si n (The Abortion Debate). So also, unplanned pregnancy should not be considered as an excuse for deciding to have an abortion. If crimes like rape and incest are not considered by pro-lifers as convincing reasons for legalizing adoption, then all the more should pregnancies resulting for faulty decision-making be not considered as justifiable reasons for abortion. As stated in another article. The act which will stop abortion is the act of making the decision to be more careful regarding sexual activity and to be responsible for the consequences of sexual activity, including the consequence of an unwanted pregnancy. No nation committed to individual liberty could seriously consider the wholesale murder of helpless babies with little concern for the concern for the well being of the babies. Women aren't forced to bear children, they choose to bear children by the act of having sexual intercourse. (9 Reasons) Thus, carelessness as regards sexual activity entails responsibility. The result of a faulty-decision decision- making cannot be eradicated simply by deciding to have an abortion. I believe that in order to teach responsibility as regards sexuality activity, then abortion should be illegal. Otherwise, it will only aggravate irresponsibility towards sexual activity since there will always be an easy way out of every unplanned pregnancy. Another reason why I believe abortion should be illegal is because it does not only speak of adverse effects to the life of the child but also to the health and well-being of the woman who has undergone an abortion. It is due to the lack of education and information about abortion that women who resort to abortion do not know what abortion could do to their bodies (Kuroda 1996). So also, going through the process of abortion could bring about emotional depression. Women, who want to get rid of their unborn child, make hasty decisionsresorting to abortionwithout even having availed of information as regards the possible consequences of the process of abortion. The sad part is that these consequences are negative and unfavorable. The adverse effects brought about by abortion to the health of the woman are reason enough to strike down abortion as illegal. Infertility is considered as one of the possible effects of having an abortion. It is thus possible that after an abortion, the woman could no longer bear a child. Dr. Stipal, Czechoslovakia's Deputy Minister of Health states that "roughly 25% of the women who interrupt their first pregnancy have remained permanently childless" (qtd. in Do Abortions Cause Infertility?). Thus, the pregnancy terminated by the woman through the process of abortion could be her only pregnancy. As correctly stated, in aborting a 16 year old this yearwith so-called informed consent, we may be preventing her from having even 1 or 2 children 10 years later when happily married (The Abortion Debate). I believe that this kind of danger posted to the health of the woman is reason enough to consider abortion as illegal.The damaging consequences of abortion are not limited to the physical well-being of the woman but also to her emotional well-being. A number of emotions can be felt by the woman who is going through the decision of whether to have an abortion or not. Truly, abortion is not an easy decision to make, and in the process of decision-making, a lot of emotions may be experienced by the woman. The damage is caused by the fact that no positive emotion can be brought about by the decision to consider an adoption. As stated in an article. Many pro-life groups conclude that a large percentage of women who have undergone an abortion; experience serious depression, and massive feelings of guilt. This has been called "Post-traumatic abortion syndrome," "Post abortion syndrome," "Post-abortion stress syndrome," "PAS," and "PASS". (Post Abortion Syndrome) There is no certainty as to how long the woman who had an abortion would stay depressed. I also believe that there is even a possibility that the depression and guilty feeling brought about by abortion will never go away. The mental and emotional trauma caused by abortion is another one of my reasons why it is but proper to consider abortion as illegal. In sum, it is my submission that the negative effects caused by abortion calls for the State to interfere and consider abortion as illegal. The protection of the womans right to choose abortion cannot override the right of a child to life. In abortion, not only the woman is involved but the fetus too. I believe that even the unborn child is entitled to protection under the law. So also, an unsound decision as regards sexual activity is not reason enough to murder an unbornchild, whose life is already entitled to protection. The irresponsibility towards sexual activity should not be tolerated. The truth is that the negative effects of abortion are undeniable. It brings harmful effects to the physical, mental and emotional well-being of the woman who underwent abortion. It is true that they were able to get rid of the pregnancy, but I believe that in the long run, the murder that they have committed against the baby would disturb them. More importantly, it is a blatant disregard of the fundamental right of a child to life. I believe that regardless of how small this life is, it is still considered a life which must not only be protected, but also respected. Do You need a paper on this topic? Order Your Paper REFERENCES Kuroda, Miki. Why I Believe That Abortions Should Be Illegal. 1996. Steinmeitz, Israel. 9 Reasons Why Abortions Should Be Illegal. 1998 Abortion. Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. 2006. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion> Abortion: An Overview Religious Tolerance. 2006. http://www.religioustolerance.org/abo_over.htm> Capital Punishment. Almanac of Policy Issues. Do Abortions Cause Infertility?. Religious Tolerance. 2006. The Abortion Debate -- A Pro-Life Stance. Studyworld. 2004 Major Laws Concerning Abortion. Religious Tolerance. 2004. Post Abortion Syndrome. Religious Tolerance. 2006.

The Revolutionary Republic of Iraq essays

The Revolutionary Republic of Iraq essays In ancient times the area now known as modern Iraq was almost equivalent to Mesopotamia, the land between two rivers.2 Mesopotamia was set between the Euphrates and Tigris Rivers. This area is known as the Cradle of Civilization, because around 4000 B.C. the Sumerian culture thrived. The first written language was developed during the Sumerian culture. After the fall of the Sumerian culture, many different empires invaded and ruled Mesopotamia. Formerly part of the Ottoman Empire, modern day Iraq is a country of many diverse ethnicities, religions, and beliefs. Seventy-nine percent of all Iraqi people are Arabic, sixteen percent are Kurdish, three percent are Persian, and two percent are Turkish. The majority of the Iraqi people practice the Muslim religion, while only three percent practice Christianity or another religion. These ethnicities and religions make up a nation of more than 22,000,000 The people of Iraq have a life expectancy of 66.53 years, where the male lives 65.54 years and the female lives 67.56 years. Iraq is ranked 119th in life expectancy. They are ranked 126th in infant mortality rates with a rate of 62.49 deaths for every 1,000 live births. Iraq has a literacy rate of approximately 60%, with the male population having a rate of 70.7% and the female population having a rate of 45%. They are ranked 145th. The Iraqi people speak, read, and write in many different languages. The official language of Iraq is Arabic. Other languages spoken are Kurdish, Assryian, and Armenian. The total land area of Iraq is 422,162 sq. km., with a population density of approximately 122 people per sq. mile. While most Iraqi people live in a desert climate, where the winters are mild and cool, and the summers are hot, dry, and cloudless, along the northern mountainous region they experience cold winters with occasional snow that melts and causes extensive dama...

Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases

Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases The kinetic theory of gases is a scientific model that explains the physical behavior of a gas as the motion of the molecular particles that compose the gas. In this model, the submicroscopic particles (atoms or molecules) that make up the gas are continually moving around in random motion, constantly colliding not only with each other but also with the sides of any container that the gas is within. It is this motion that results in physical properties of the gas such as heat and pressure. The kinetic theory of gases is also called just the kinetic theory, or the kinetic model,  or the kinetic-molecular model. It can also in many ways be applied to fluids as well as gas. (The example of Brownian motion, discussed below, applies the kinetic theory to fluids.) History of the Kinetic Theory The Greek philosopher Lucretius was a proponent of an early form of atomism, though this was largely discarded for several centuries in favor of a physical model of gases built upon the non-atomic work of Aristotle. Without a theory of matter as tiny particles, the kinetic theory did not get developed within this Aristotlean framework. The work of Daniel Bernoulli presented the kinetic theory to a European audience, with his 1738 publication of Hydrodynamica. At the time, even principles like the conservation of energy had not been established, and so a lot of his approaches were not widely adopted. Over the next century, the kinetic theory became more widely adopted among scientists, as part of a growing trend toward scientists adopting the modern view of matter as composed of atoms. One of the lynchpins in experimentally confirming the kinetic theory, and atomism is general, was related to Brownian motion. This is the motion of a tiny particle suspended in a liquid, which under a microscope appears to randomly jerk about. In an acclaimed 1905 paper, Albert Einstein explained Brownian motion in terms of random collisions with the particles that composed the liquid. This paper was the result of Einsteins doctoral thesis work, where he created a diffusion formula by applying statistical methods to the problem. A similar result was independently performed by the Polish physicist Marian Smoluchowski, who published his work in 1906. Together, these applications of kinetic theory went a long way to support the idea that liquids and gases (and, likely, also solids) are composed of tiny particles. Assumptions of the Kinetic Molecular Theory The kinetic theory involves a number of assumptions that focus on being able to talk about an ideal gas. Molecules are treated as point particles. Specifically, one implication of this is that their size is extremely small in comparison to the average distance between particles.The number of molecules (N) is very large, to the extent that tracking individual particle behaviors is not possible. Instead, statistical methods are applied to analyze the behavior of the system as a whole.Each molecule is treated as identical to any other molecule. They are interchangeable in terms of their various properties. This again helps support the idea that individual particles dont need to be kept track of, and that the statistical methods of the theory are sufficient to arrive at conclusions and predictions.Molecules are in constant, random motion. They obey Newtons laws of motion.Collisions between the particles, and between the particles and walls of a container for the gas, are perfectly elastic collisions.Walls of containers of gases are treated as perfectly rigid, do not move, and are infinitely massive (in comparison to the particles). The result of these assumptions is that you have a gas within a container that moves around randomly within the container. When particles of the gas collide with the side of the container, they bounce off the side of the container in a perfectly elastic collision, which means that if they strike at a 30-degree angle, theyll bounce off at a 30-degree angle. The component of their velocity perpendicular to the side of the container changes direction but retains the same magnitude. The Ideal Gas Law The kinetic theory of gases is significant, in that the set of assumptions above lead us to derive the ideal gas law, or ideal gas equation, that relates the pressure (p), volume (V), and temperature (T), in terms of the Boltzmann constant (k) and the number of molecules (N). The resulting ideal gas equation is: pV NkT

Diplomatic Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Diplomatic Security - Essay Example ly 1973 created and unified drug agencies under a single command to fight the global menace of drug (United States, History, n.d.) and was established under the auspices of the Department of Justice through Reorganization Plan No. 2 that took effect on July 1, 1973 (Records, n.d.). The Drug Enforcement Agency is a criminal justice agency headed by an Administrator appointed by the US President and should be confirmed by the Senate (United States, Staffing, n.d.). Its main mission includes the enforcement of laws and regulations on controlled substances and to â€Å"bring to the criminal and civil justice system of the US† everyone who participates in growing, production, processing and distribution of controlled substances (Hewgley, 2009, para. 24). In order to carry out its mission, the agency disseminates information uncovered with the intelligence sector (Hewgley, 2009). DEA offices situated in the US are called domestic offices (The Drug Enforcement, 2007). Before the establishment of the DEA under the Department of Justice, several agencies fought against drug trafficking with some simultaneously performing the same functions, namely: a) under the Department of the Treasury - 1) Bureau of Internal Revenue (1914-1921), 2) Narcotic Division, Bureau of Internal Revenue (1921-1927), 2) Narcotic Division, Bureau of Prohibition (1927-1930), 3) Bureau of Narcotics (1930-1968); b) under the Food and Drug Administration – 1) Bureau of Drug Abuse Control (1965-1968); c) under the Department of Justice – 1) Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs (1968-73) (Records, n.d.). The Bureau of Narcotics and the Bureau of Drug Abuse Control exercised the same functions at an overlapping period (Records, n.d.). For an effective enforcement and operation, DEA has strategically established offices in other countries and conduct covert and surveillance operations. The agency coordinates and cooperates with foreign governments in order to thwart supply of drugs into the US